Strokes occur either when a blood vessel in the brain bursts (a type known as a hemorrhagic stroke) or more commonly, when a blood vessel becomes blocked (known as an ischemic stroke). Either way, unless blood flow is restored, brain cells in the area quickly die, leaving permanent disability. Sometimes, a temporary blockage occurs, causing symptoms of a stroke only briefly. Known as a transient ischemic attack (TIA), it is often a harbinger of a serious stroke.
     
Everyone over age 50 should be knowledgeable about strokes.
   
Not all risk factors can be controlled, but many can. Whatever your risk profile, reduce your chances by taking the following steps:
 

• Don't smoke. Smokers have almost double the risk of ischemic stroke.
• Limit alcohol to no more than one to two drinks each day.
• Exercise daily. Aim for half an hour a day of brisk walking or an equivalent aerobic exercise.
• Eat heart-healthy. Take steps to follow a low-salt, low-fat, high-fiber diet.